US to block visas to those who misuse commercial spyware to target journalists, activists, dissidents and more

Officials said the visa restriction policy can apply to citizens of any country found to have misused or facilitated the malign use of spyware
Announcing the policy, US Secretary of State Antony Blinken said the misuse of commercial spyware ‘threatens privacy and freedoms of expression’

United States

Associated Press

Published: 4:18am, 6 Feb, 2024

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The Biden administration announced on Monday it is rolling out a new policy that will allow it to impose visa restrictions on foreign individuals involved in the misuse of commercial spyware.

The administration’s policy will apply to people who have been involved in the misuse of commercial spyware to target individuals including journalists, activists, perceived dissidents, members of marginalised communities, or the family members of those who are targeted.

The visa restrictions could also apply to people who facilitate or get financial benefit from the misuse of commercial spyware, officials said.

“The United States remains concerned with the growing misuse of commercial spyware around the world to facilitate repression, restrict the free flow of information, and enable human rights abuses,” US Secretary of State Antony Blinken said in a statement announcing the new policy.

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“The misuse of commercial spyware threatens privacy and freedoms of expression, peaceful assembly, and association. Such targeting has been linked to arbitrary detentions, forced disappearances, and extrajudicial killings in the most egregious of cases.”

Biden issued another executive order nearly a year ago restricting the US government’s use of commercial spyware “that poses risks to national security”.

That order required the head of any US agency using commercial programmes to certify that they do not pose a significant counter-intelligence or other security risk, a senior administration official said.

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It was issued as the White House acknowledged a surge in hacks of US government employees, across 10 countries, that had been compromised or targeted by commercial spyware.

A senior administration official who briefed reporters ahead of Monday’s announcement would not say if any particular individuals were in line to immediately be impacted by the visa restrictions.

The official spoke on the condition of anonymity under ground rules set by the White House.

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Officials said the visa restriction policy can apply to citizens of any country found to have misused or facilitated the malign use of spyware, even if they are from countries whose citizens are allowed entry into the US without first applying for a visa.

Perhaps the best known example of spyware, the Pegasus software from Israel’s NSO Group, was used to target more than 1,000 people across 50 countries, according to security researchers and a July 2021 global media investigation, citing a list of more than 50,000 mobile phone numbers.

The US has already placed export limits on NSO Group, restricting the company’s access to US components and technology.

Pegasus spyware was used in Jordan to hack the mobile phones of at least 30 people, including journalists, lawyers, human rights and political activists, according to the digital rights group Access Now.

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The hacking with spyware made by Israel’s NSO Group took place from 2019 until last September, according to Access Now. It did not accuse Jordan’s government of the hacking.

Amnesty International also reported that its forensic researchers had determined that Pegasus spyware was installed on the phone of Washington Post journalist Jamal Khashoggi’s fiancée, Hatice Cengiz, just four days after he was killed in the Saudi consulate in Istanbul in 2018. The company had previously been implicated in other spying on Khashoggi.